Recombinant Human Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 11 (PTPN11)

Function

Acts downstream of various receptor and cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinases to participate in the signal transduction from the cell surface to the nucleus (PubMed:10655584, PubMed:14739280, PubMed:18559669, PubMed:18829466, PubMed:26742426, PubMed:28074573, PubMed:32184441). Positively regulates MAPK signal transduction pathway (PubMed:28074573). Dephosphorylates GAB1, ARHGAP35 and EGFR (PubMed:28074573). Dephosphorylates ROCK2 at 'Tyr-722' resulting in stimulation of its RhoA binding activity (PubMed:18559669). Dephosphorylates CDC73 (PubMed:26742426). Dephosphorylates SOX9 on tyrosine residues, leading to inactivate SOX9 and promote ossification (By similarity). Dephosphorylates tyrosine-phosphorylated NEDD9/CAS-L (PubMed:19275884). Acts as an effector of PDCD1-mediated inhibition of T-cell response: recruited by phosphorylated PDCD1, mediating dephosphorylation of key T-cell receptor (TCR) proximal signaling molecules, leading to TCR signaling inhibition (PubMed:32184441)

Subcellular Location

Cytoplasm; Nucleus

Disease Association

LEOPARD syndrome 1 (LPRD1) : A disorder characterized by lentigines, electrocardiographic conduction abnormalities, ocular hypertelorism, pulmonic stenosis, abnormalities of genitalia, retardation of growth, and sensorineural deafness. [The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry] | Noonan syndrome 1 (NS1) : A form of Noonan syndrome, a disease characterized by short stature, facial dysmorphic features such as hypertelorism, a downward eyeslant and low-set posteriorly rotated ears, and a high incidence of congenital heart defects and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Other features can include a short neck with webbing or redundancy of skin, deafness, motor delay, variable intellectual deficits, multiple skeletal defects, cryptorchidism, and bleeding diathesis. Individuals with Noonan syndrome are at risk of juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia, a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by excessive production of myelomonocytic cells. Some patients with NS1 develop multiple giant cell lesions of the jaw or other bony or soft tissues, which are classified as pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) when occurring in the jaw or joints. [The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry. Mutations in PTPN11 account for more than 50% of the cases] | Leukemia, juvenile myelomonocytic (JMML) : An aggressive pediatric myelodysplastic syndrome/myeloproliferative disorder characterized by malignant transformation in the hematopoietic stem cell compartment with proliferation of differentiated progeny. Patients have splenomegaly, enlarged lymph nodes, rashes, and hemorrhages. [The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry] | Metachondromatosis (MC) : A skeletal disorder with radiologic features of both multiple exostoses and Ollier disease, characterized by the presence of exostoses, commonly of the bones of the hands and feet, and enchondromas of the metaphyses of long bones and iliac crest. [The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry]

Tissue Specificity

Widely expressed, with highest levels in heart, brain, and skeletal muscle

Subunit

Interacts with phosphorylated LIME1 and BCAR3. Interacts with SHB and INPP5D/SHIP1 (By similarity). Interacts with MILR1 (tyrosine-phosphorylated). Interacts with FLT1 (tyrosine-phosphorylated), FLT3 (tyrosine-phosphorylated), FLT4 (tyrosine-phosphorylated), KIT and GRB2. Interacts with PDGFRA (tyrosine phosphorylated). Interacts (via SH2 domain) with TEK/TIE2 (tyrosine phosphorylated) (By similarity). Interacts with PTPNS1 and CD84. Interacts with phosphorylated SIT1 and MPZL1. Interacts with FCRL4, FCRL6 and ANKHD1. Interacts with KIR2DL1; the interaction is enhanced by ARRB2. Interacts with GAB2. Interacts with TERT; the interaction retains TERT in the nucleus. Interacts with PECAM1 and FER. Interacts with EPHA2 (activated); participates in PTK2/FAK1 dephosphorylation in EPHA2 downstream signaling. Interacts with ROS1; mediates PTPN11 phosphorylation. Interacts with PDGFRB (tyrosine phosphorylated); this interaction increases the PTPN11 phosphatase activity. Interacts with GAREM1 isoform 1 (tyrosine phosphorylated); the interaction increases MAPK/ERK activity and does not affect the GRB2/SOS complex formation. Interacts with CDC73 (PubMed:26742426). Interacts with CEACAM1 (via cytoplasmic domain); this interaction depends on the monomer/dimer equilibrium and is phosphorylation-dependent (By similarity). Interacts with MPIG6B (via ITIM motif) (PubMed:23112346). Interacts with SIGLEC10 (By similarity). Interacts with FCRL3 (via phosphorylated ITIM motifs) (PubMed:11162587, PubMed:19843936). Interacts with CLEC12B (via ITIM motif); this interaction triggers dephosphorylation and activation of PTPN11. Interacts (via SH2 domains) with NEDD9/CAS-L; the interaction is enhanced when NEDD9/CAS-L is tyrosine phosphorylated (PubMed:19275884)

• Adachi M. et al. Molecular cloning of a novel protein-tyrosine phosphatase SH-PTP3 with sequence similarity to the src-homology region 2. — FEBS Lett. (1992)
• Freeman R.M. Jr. et al. Identification of a human src homology 2-containing protein-tyrosine-phosphatase: a putative homolog of Drosophila corkscrew. — Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1992)
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• Ahmad S. et al. A widely expressed human protein-tyrosine phosphatase containing src homology 2 domains. — Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1993)
• Vogel W. et al. Activation of a phosphotyrosine phosphatase by tyrosine phosphorylation. — Science (1993)
• Kalnine N. et al. Cloning of human full-length CDSs in BD Creator(TM) system donor vector. (MAY-)
• Ota T. et al. Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. — Nat. Genet. (2004)
• Mural R.J. et al. PubMed: CI-5GBDQ6B103N1E (JUL-)