Recombinant Mouse Arginase-1 (Arg1)

Function

Functions in L-arginine homeostasis in nonhepatic tissues characterized by the competition between nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and arginase for the available intracellular substrate arginine. Arginine metabolism is a critical regulator of innate and adaptive immune responses. Involved in an antimicrobial effector pathway in polymorphonuclear granulocytes (PMN). Upon PMN cell death is liberated from the phagolysosome and depletes arginine in the microenvironment leading to suppressed T cell and natural killer (NK) cell proliferation and cytokine secretion (By similarity). In group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) promotes acute type 2 inflammation in the lung and is involved in optimal ILC2 proliferation but not survival (PubMed:27043409). Plays a role in the immune response of alternatively activated or M2 macrophages in processes such as wound healing and tissue regeneration, immune defense against multicellular pathogens and parasites, and immune suppression and allergic inflammation; the regulatory outcome seems to be organ specific (PubMed:19360123, PubMed:20483789, PubMed:23552798, PubMed:23637937, PubMed:7537672). In tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells (DCs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) plays a role in suppression of T cell-mediated antitumor immunity (PubMed:19414774, PubMed:23248265)

Subcellular Location

Cytoplasm; Cytoplasmic granule

Tissue Specificity

Expressed in macrophages (PubMed:12193690, PubMed:19360123, PubMed:7537672). Expressed in precursor and mature group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) (PubMed:27043409). Expressed in lung tumor-associated myeloid cells (PubMed:15313928). Expressed in lung tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells (PubMed:19414774)

Subunit

Homotrimer (By similarity). Interacts with CMTM6 (By similarity)

Pathway

Nitrogen metabolism; urea cycle; L-ornithine and urea from L-arginine: step 1/1

• Chieko H. et al. PubMed: CI-6N50LRJT11PF (MAR-)
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• Modolell M. et al. Reciprocal regulation of the nitric oxide synthase/arginase balance in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages by TH1 and TH2 cytokines. — Eur. J. Immunol. (1995)
• Lang R. et al. Shaping gene expression in activated and resting primary macrophages by IL-10. — J. Immunol. (2002)
• Rodriguez P.C. et al. Arginase I production in the tumor microenvironment by mature myeloid cells inhibits T-cell receptor expression and antigen-specific T-cell responses. — Cancer Res. (2004)
• Villen J. et al. Large-scale phosphorylation analysis of mouse liver. — Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (2007)