Mouse anti-Human sapiens (Human) CD38 Monoclonal Antibody

Function

Multifunctional transmembrane glycoprotein able to exert enzymatic activities and also to mobilize calcium, to transduce signals, to adhere to hyaluronan and to other ligands. Synthesizes cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR), a second messenger for glucose-induced insulin secretion (PubMed:7961800, PubMed:8253715). Synthesizes the Ca(2+) mobilizer nicotinate-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, NAADP(+), from 2'-phospho-cADPR and nicotinic acid, as well as from NADP(+) and nicotinic acid. At both pH 5.0 and pH 7.4 preferentially transforms 2'-phospho-cADPR into NAADP(+), while preferentially cleaving NADP(+) to cADPR and ADPRP rather than into NADDP(+) (PubMed:16690024). Has cADPR hydrolase activity (PubMed:7961800, PubMed:8253715). Functions also as a receptor that binds the ligand CD31 on endothelial cells, promoting lymphocyte activation, proliferation, and migration across the endothelial barrier (PubMed:9551996). Involved in the regulation of crucial dendritic cell functions acquired at the mature stage, such as CCL21-driven migration, survival, and Th1-polarizing activity (PubMed:16293598). In lamina propria T lymphocytes, CD38/CD31 cognate interactions initiate a multistep signaling pathway resulting in activation of LCK anf LAT, followed by cytokine release (PubMed:11259373)

Subcellular Location

Cell surface; Cell membrane (Single-pass type II membrane protein)

Tissue Specificity

Expressed at high levels in pancreas, liver, kidney, brain, testis, ovary, placenta, malignant lymphoma and neuroblastoma

Subunit

Homodimer

• Jackson D.G. et al. Isolation of a cDNA encoding the human CD38 (T10) molecule, a cell surface glycoprotein with an unusual discontinuous pattern of expression during lymphocyte differentiation. — J. Immunol. (1990)
• Nata K. et al. Human gene encoding CD38 (ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase): organization, nucleotide sequence and alternative splicing. — Gene (1997)
• The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). — Genome Res. (2004)
• States D.J. et al. Similarities in amino acid sequences of Aplysia ADP-ribosyl cyclase and human lymphocyte antigen CD38. — Trends Biochem. Sci. (1992)
• Takasawa S. et al. Synthesis and hydrolysis of cyclic ADP-ribose by human leukocyte antigen CD38 and inhibition of the hydrolysis by ATP. — J. Biol. Chem. (1993)
• Tohgo A. et al. Essential cysteine residues for cyclic ADP-ribose synthesis and hydrolysis by CD38. — J. Biol. Chem. (1994)
• Deaglio S. et al. Human CD38 (ADP-ribosyl cyclase) is a counter-receptor of CD31, an Ig superfamily member. — J. Immunol. (1998)
• Deaglio S. et al. Human CD38 and its ligand CD31 define a unique lamina propria T lymphocyte signaling pathway. — FASEB J. (2001)