Mouse anti-Human sapiens (Human) GBP2 Monoclonal Antibody

Function

Interferon (IFN)-inducible GTPase that plays important roles in innate immunity against a diverse range of bacterial, viral and protozoan pathogens (PubMed:31091448). Hydrolyzes GTP to GMP in 2 consecutive cleavage reactions, but the major reaction product is GDP (PubMed:8706832). Following infection, recruited to the pathogen-containing vacuoles or vacuole-escaped bacteria and acts as a positive regulator of inflammasome assembly by promoting the release of inflammasome ligands from bacteria (By similarity). Acts by promoting lysis of pathogen-containing vacuoles, releasing pathogens into the cytosol (By similarity). Following pathogen release in the cytosol, promotes recruitment of proteins that mediate bacterial cytolysis: this liberates ligands that are detected by inflammasomes, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that activates the non-canonical CASP4/CASP11 inflammasome or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) that activates the AIM2 inflammasome (By similarity). Confers protection to the protozoan pathogen Toxoplasma gondii (By similarity). Independently of its GTPase activity, acts as an inhibitor of various viruses infectivity, such as HIV-1, Zika and influenza A viruses, by inhibiting FURIN-mediated maturation of viral envelope proteins (PubMed:31091448)

Subcellular Location

Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane (Lipid-anchor); Golgi apparatus membrane (Lipid-anchor); Cytoplasm; Cytoplasm, perinuclear region

Subunit

Homodimer; homodimerization occurs upon GTP-binding and is required for the association with membranous structures (PubMed:21151871). Heterodimer with other family members, including GBP1, GBP3, GBP4 and GBP5 (PubMed:21151871)

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