Recombinant Human Coagulation factor X (F10)

Function

Factor Xa is a vitamin K-dependent glycoprotein that converts prothrombin to thrombin in the presence of factor Va, calcium and phospholipid during blood clotting (PubMed:22409427, PubMed:39880037). Factor Xa activates pro-inflammatory signaling pathways in a protease-activated receptor (PAR)-dependent manner (PubMed:24041930, PubMed:30568593, PubMed:34831181, PubMed:18202198). Up-regulates expression of protease-activated receptors (PARs) F2R, F2RL1 and F2RL2 in dermal microvascular endothelial cells (PubMed:35738824). Triggers the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as MCP-1/CCL2 and IL6, in cardiac fibroblasts and umbilical vein endothelial cells in PAR-1/F2R-dependent manner (PubMed:30568593, PubMed:34831181). Triggers the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as MCP-1/CCL2, IL6, TNF/TNF, IL-1beta/IL1B, IL8/CXCL8 and IL18, in endothelial cells and atrial tissues (PubMed:24041930, PubMed:35738824, PubMed:9780208). Induces expression of adhesion molecules, such as ICAM1, VCAM1 and SELE, in endothelial cells and atrial tissues (PubMed:24041930, PubMed:35738824, PubMed:9780208). Increases expression of phosphorylated ERK1/2 in dermal microvascular endothelial cells and atrial tissues (PubMed:24041930, PubMed:35738824). Triggers activation of the transcription factor NF-kappa-B in dermal microvascular endothelial cells and atrial tissues (PubMed:24041930, PubMed:35738824). Activates pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic responses in dermal fibroblasts and enhances wound healing probably via PAR-2/F2RL1-dependent mechanism (PubMed:18202198). Activates barrier protective signaling responses in endothelial cells in PAR-2/F2RL1-dependent manner; the activity depends on the cleavage of PAR-2/F2RL1 by factor Xa (PubMed:22409427). Up-regulates expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (SERPINE1) in atrial tissues (PubMed:24041930)

Subcellular Location

Secreted

Disease Association

Factor X deficiency (FA10D) : A hemorrhagic disease with variable presentation. Affected individuals can manifest prolonged nasal and mucosal hemorrhage, menorrhagia, hematuria, and occasionally hemarthrosis. Some patients do not have clinical bleeding diathesis. [The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry]

Tissue Specificity

Plasma; synthesized in the liver

Subunit

(Microbial infection) Interacts (via Gla domain) with Human adenovirus C serotype 5 hexon protein; this interaction allows the virus to be shielded from its host immune system

• Messier T.L. et al. Cloning and expression in COS-1 cells of a full-length cDNA encoding human coagulation factor X. — Gene (1991)
• Leytus S.P. et al. Gene for human factor X: a blood coagulation factor whose gene organization is essentially identical with that of factor IX and protein C. — Biochemistry (1986)
• PubMed: CI-C651TBV8IJ54K (APR-)
• The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). — Genome Res. (2004)
• Fung M.R. et al. Characterization of an almost full-length cDNA coding for human blood coagulation factor X. — Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1985)
• Kaul R.K. et al. Isolation and characterization of human blood-coagulation factor X cDNA. — Gene (1986)
• McMullen B.A. et al. Complete amino acid sequence of the light chain of human blood coagulation factor X: evidence for identification of residue 63 as beta-hydroxyaspartic acid. — Biochemistry (1983)
• Leytus S.P. et al. Characterization of a cDNA coding for human factor X. — Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1984)