Recombinant Human HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G (HLA-G)

Function

Likely does not bind B2M and presents peptides

Subcellular Location

Cell projection, filopodium membrane

Tissue Specificity

Expressed in placenta, amniotic membrane, skin, cord blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Subunit

Forms a heterotrimer with B2M and a self-peptide (peptide-bound HLA-G-B2M) (PubMed:7584149, PubMed:8805247). HLA-G-B2M complex interacts with components of the antigen processing machinery TAPBP and TAP1-TAP2 complex; this interaction is required for loading of high affinity peptides and heterotrimer translocation to the cell surface (PubMed:7584149). Interacts with CALCR; this interaction is required for appropriate folding (PubMed:9640257). Interacts with COPB1; this interaction mediates the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retrieval of HLA-G-B2M complexes that bind low affinity peptides (PubMed:11520457, PubMed:12582157). On the cell surface, peptide-bound HLA-G-B2M molecules (referred to as monomers) can form disulfide-linked homomultimers, homodimers and homotrimers (PubMed:12454284, PubMed:12874224, PubMed:16455647). Interacts with KIR2DL4; this interaction is direct (PubMed:10190900, PubMed:16366734). Interacts with LILRB1 and LILRB2 receptors; this interaction is direct (PubMed:12853576, PubMed:16366734, PubMed:16455647, PubMed:17056715). Interacts with CD160; this interactions is direct (PubMed:16809620). Interacts with CD8A homodimer; this interaction is direct and might down-regulate T cell receptor signaling (PubMed:12853576). Isoform 2: Forms a non-disulfide-linked homodimer and interacts with LILRB2 (PubMed:28348268)

• Shukla H. et al. The mRNA of a human class I gene HLA G/HLA 6.0 exhibits a restricted pattern of expression. — Nucleic Acids Res. (1990)
• Ishitani A. et al. Alternative splicing of HLA-G transcripts yields proteins with primary structures resembling both class I and class II antigens. — Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1992)
• Geraghty D.E. et al. A human major histocompatibility complex class I gene that encodes a protein with a shortened cytoplasmic segment. — Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1987)
• Hampe A. et al. A 356-Kb sequence of the subtelomeric part of the MHC class I region. — DNA Seq. (1999)
• Shiina S. et al. Homo sapiens 2,229,817bp genomic DNA of 6p21.3 HLA class I region. (SEP-)
• Moreau P. et al. HLA-G mRNA forms in human trophoblasts and peripheral blood lymphocytes: potential use in prenatal diagnosis. — Folia Biol. (Praha) (1994)
• Fujii T. et al. A soluble form of the HLA-G antigen is encoded by a messenger ribonucleic acid containing intron 4. — J. Immunol. (1994)
• Kirszenbaum M. et al. An alternatively spliced form of HLA-G mRNA in human trophoblasts and evidence for the presence of HLA-G transcript in adult lymphocytes. — Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1994)