Recombinant Human Interleukin-4 (IL4) (Active)

Function

Cytokine secreted primarily by mast cells, T-cells, eosinophils, and basophils that plays a role in regulating antibody production, hematopoiesis and inflammation, and the development of effector T-cell responses (PubMed:1993171, PubMed:3016727). Induces the expression of class II MHC molecules on resting B-cells. Enhances both secretion and cell surface expression of IgE and IgG1 (PubMed:1993171). Also regulates the expression of the low affinity Fc receptor for IgE (CD23) on both lymphocytes and monocytes (PubMed:2521231). Positively regulates IL31RA expression in macrophages. Stimulates autophagy in dendritic cells by interfering with mTORC1 signaling and through the induction of RUFY4. In addition, plays a critical role in higher functions of the normal brain, such as memory and learning (By similarity). Upon binding to IL4, IL4R receptor dimerizes either with the common IL2R gamma chain/IL2RG to produce the type 1 signaling complex, located mainly on hematopoietic cells, or with the IL13RA1 to produce the type 2 complex, which is also expressed on nonhematopoietic cells (PubMed:10219247, PubMed:11526337, PubMed:18243101). Engagement of both types of receptors initiates JAK3 and to a lower extend JAK1 phosphorylation leading to activation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 6/STAT6 (PubMed:7721895)

Subcellular Location

Secreted

Disease Association

Ischemic stroke (ISCHSTR) : A stroke is an acute neurologic event leading to death of neural tissue of the brain and resulting in loss of motor, sensory and/or cognitive function. Ischemic strokes, resulting from vascular occlusion, is considered to be a highly complex disease consisting of a group of heterogeneous disorders with multiple genetic and environmental risk factors. [Disease susceptibility is associated with variants affecting the gene represented in this entry]

Subunit

Interacts with IL4R (PubMed:10219247, PubMed:11526337). Interacts with IL13RA1 (PubMed:18243101)

• Yokota T. et al. Isolation and characterization of a human interleukin cDNA clone, homologous to mouse B-cell stimulatory factor 1, that expresses B-cell- and T-cell-stimulating activities. — Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1986)
• Arai N. et al. Complete nucleotide sequence of the chromosomal gene for human IL-4 and its expression. — J. Immunol. (1989)
• Klein S.C. et al. An alternatively spliced interleukin 4 form in lymphoid cells. — Immunogenetics (1995)
• PubMed: CI-6O517G2GQVJPC (JUN-)
• The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). — Genome Res. (2004)
• Eder A. et al. The 5' region of the human interleukin 4 gene: structure and potential regulatory elements. — Nucleic Acids Res. (1988)
• Carr C. et al. Disulfide assignments in recombinant mouse and human interleukin 4. — Biochemistry (1991)
• Delespesse G. et al. Influence of recombinant IL-4, IFN-alpha, and IFN-gamma on the production of human IgE-binding factor (soluble CD23). — J. Immunol. (1989)