Recombinant Human Protein kinase C eta type (PRKCH)

Function

Calcium-independent, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol (DAG)-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that is involved in the regulation of cell differentiation in keratinocytes and pre-B cell receptor, mediates regulation of epithelial tight junction integrity and foam cell formation, and is required for glioblastoma proliferation and apoptosis prevention in MCF-7 cells. In keratinocytes, binds and activates the tyrosine kinase FYN, which in turn blocks epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling and leads to keratinocyte growth arrest and differentiation. Associates with the cyclin CCNE1-CDK2-CDKN1B complex and inhibits CDK2 kinase activity, leading to RB1 dephosphorylation and thereby G1 arrest in keratinocytes. In association with RALA activates actin depolymerization, which is necessary for keratinocyte differentiation. In the pre-B cell receptor signaling, functions downstream of BLNK by up-regulating IRF4, which in turn activates L chain gene rearrangement. Regulates epithelial tight junctions (TJs) by phosphorylating occludin (OCLN) on threonine residues, which is necessary for the assembly and maintenance of TJs. In association with PLD2 and via TLR4 signaling, is involved in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RGS2 down-regulation and foam cell formation. Upon PMA stimulation, mediates glioblastoma cell proliferation by activating the mTOR pathway, the PI3K/AKT pathway and the ERK1-dependent phosphorylation of ELK1. Involved in the protection of glioblastoma cells from irradiation-induced apoptosis by preventing caspase-9 activation. In camptothecin-treated MCF-7 cells, regulates NF-kappa-B upstream signaling by activating IKBKB, and confers protection against DNA damage-induced apoptosis. Promotes oncogenic functions of ATF2 in the nucleus while blocking its apoptotic function at mitochondria. Phosphorylates ATF2 which promotes its nuclear retention and transcriptional activity and negatively regulates its mitochondrial localization

Subcellular Location

Cytoplasm

Disease Association

Ischemic stroke (ISCHSTR) : A stroke is an acute neurologic event leading to death of neural tissue of the brain and resulting in loss of motor, sensory and/or cognitive function. Ischemic strokes, resulting from vascular occlusion, is considered to be a highly complex disease consisting of a group of heterogeneous disorders with multiple genetic and environmental risk factors. [Disease susceptibility is associated with variants affecting the gene represented in this entry]

Tissue Specificity

Most abundant in lung, less in heart and skin

Subunit

Interacts with FYN (By similarity). Interacts with RALA (By similarity). Interacts with DGKQ (PubMed:15632189). Interacts with PRKCH upstream open reading frame 2; the interaction leads to inhibition of kinase activity (PubMed:34593629)

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• Bacher N. et al. PubMed: 1545821 — Mol. Cell. Biol. (1992)
• Ota T. et al. Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. — Nat. Genet. (2004)
• Heilig R. et al. The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 14. — Nature (2003)
• Mural R.J. et al. PubMed: CI-5GBDQ6B103N1E (JUL-)
• The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). — Genome Res. (2004)
• Palmer R.H. et al. Identification of multiple, novel, protein kinase C-related gene products. — FEBS Lett. (1994)
• Akkaraju G.R. et al. Overexpression of protein kinase C-eta attenuates caspase activation and tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced cell death. — Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (2000)