Recombinant Human Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 1 (TRPM1), partial

Function

Constitutively open nonselective divalent cation-conducting channels which mediate the influx of Ca(2+), Mg(2+), Mn(2+), Ba(2+), and Ni(2+) into the cytoplasm, leading to membrane depolarization (PubMed:11535825, PubMed:19436059, PubMed:21278253). Impermeable to zinc ions (PubMed:21278253). In addition, forms heteromultimeric ion channels with TRPM3 which are permeable for calcium and zinc ions (PubMed:21278253). Plays an essential role for the depolarizing photoresponse of retinal ON bipolar cells (PubMed:19878917, PubMed:19896109). In the dark, tonic release of glutamate activates the G protein-coupled receptor for glutamate, GRM6, its activation induces the release of G(o) protein and the beta-gamma G protein dimer. Both subunits can interact and inactivate the TRPM1 channel. A light onset, induces decrease in glutamate release and deactivation of GRM6 leading to channel opening and membrane depolarization (By similarity). May play a role in metastasis suppression (PubMed:9537257)

Subcellular Location

Cell membrane (Multi-pass membrane protein); Endoplasmic reticulum membrane (Multi-pass membrane protein); Cell projection, axon

Disease Association

Night blindness, congenital stationary, 1C (CSNB1C) : A non-progressive retinal disorder characterized by impaired night vision, often associated with nystagmus and myopia. [The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry]

Tissue Specificity

Expressed in the retina where it localizes to the outer plexiform layer. Specifically, it is expressed in retinal bipolar cells (BPCs) of the ON subtype (PubMed:30027108). Highly expressed in benign melanocytic nevi and diffusely expressed in various in situ melanomas, but not detected in melanoma metastases. Also expressed in melanocytes and pigmented metastatic melanoma cell lines. In melanocytes expression appears to be regulated at the level of transcription and mRNA processing

Subunit

Interacts with TRPM3; the interaction results in the formation of a heteromultimeric cation channel complex that are functionally different from the homomeric channels (PubMed:21278253). Interacts with GPR179 (By similarity). Associates with both guanine nucleotide-binding proteins G(o) and beta-gamma G protein dimer; implicated in directly regulating TRPM1 channel open-state (By similarity). Interacts with NYX and GRM6; the interaction is required for localization to dendritic tips of ON bipolar cells (By similarity)

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• Oancea E. et al. TRPM1 forms ion channels associated with melanin content in melanocytes. — Sci. Signal. (2009)
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• The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). — Genome Res. (2004)
• Duncan L.M. et al. Down-regulation of the novel gene melastatin correlates with potential for melanoma metastasis. — Cancer Res. (1998)
• Fang D. et al. Expression and up-regulation of alternatively spliced transcripts of melastatin, a melanoma metastasis-related gene, in human melanoma cells. — Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (2000)