Recombinant Mouse 2-acylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 (Mogat2) Protein

Function

Involved in glycerolipid synthesis and lipid metabolism (PubMed:12576479, PubMed:12621063, PubMed:12730219, PubMed:14966132). Plays a central role in absorption of dietary fat in the small intestine by catalyzing the resynthesis of triacylglycerol in enterocytes (Probable). Catalyzes the formation of diacylglycerol, the precursor of triacylglycerol, by transferring the acyl chain of a fatty acyl-CoA to a monoacylglycerol (PubMed:12621063, PubMed:12730219). Has a preference toward monoacylglycerols containing unsaturated fatty acids in an order of C18:3 > C18:2 > C18:1 > C18:0 (PubMed:12730219). Able to use 1-monoalkylglycerol (1-MAkG, 1-O-alkylglycerol) as an acyl acceptor for the synthesis of monoalkyl-monoacylglycerol (MAMAG, 1-O-alkyl-3-acylglycerol) (PubMed:12730219). Possesses weak but significant activity with diacylglycerol as substrate, producing triacylglycerol (triacyl-sn-glycerol) (PubMed:12730219)

Subcellular Location

Endoplasmic reticulum membrane (Multi-pass membrane protein); Cytoplasm, perinuclear region

Tissue Specificity

Mainly expressed in small intestine. Detected in the small intestine in a proximal-to-distal gradient that correlated with fat absorption pattern. Present not only in the villi, but also in the crypt regions of the small intestine, which suggests that expression occurs prior to the maturation of enterocytes. Not detectable in other sections of the digestive tract, including stomach, cecum, colon and rectum, or other tissues such as kidney, liver and adipocytes (at protein level). Also detected in kidney, adipose and stomach. Expressed at very low level in liver, skeletal muscle and spleen. Not expressed in brain, heart, lung, skin, testis and thymus

Pathway

Glycerolipid metabolism; triacylglycerol biosynthesis

• Yen C.-L.E. et al. MGAT2, a monoacylglycerol acyltransferase expressed in the small intestine. — J. Biol. Chem. (2003)
• Carninci P. et al. The transcriptional landscape of the mammalian genome. — Science (2005)
• The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). — Genome Res. (2004)
• Cao J. et al. Cloning and functional characterization of a mouse intestinal acyl-CoA:monoacylglycerol acyltransferase, MGAT2. — J. Biol. Chem. (2003)
• Cao J. et al. Properties of the mouse intestinal acyl-CoA:monoacylglycerol acyltransferase, MGAT2. — J. Biol. Chem. (2003)
• Cao J. et al. A predominant role of acyl-CoA:monoacylglycerol acyltransferase-2 in dietary fat absorption implicated by tissue distribution, subcellular localization, and up-regulation by high fat diet. — J. Biol. Chem. (2004)