Recombinant Mouse C-X-C motif chemokine 10 protein (Cxcl10)

Function

Pro-inflammatory cytokine that is involved in a wide variety of processes such as chemotaxis, differentiation, and activation of peripheral immune cells, regulation of cell growth, apoptosis and modulation of angiostatic effects (By similarity) (PubMed:28623423). Plays thereby an important role during viral infections by stimulating the activation and migration of immune cells to the infected sites (PubMed:18624292, PubMed:19017990, PubMed:28468883). Mechanistically, binding of CXCL10 to the CXCR3 receptor activates G protein-mediated signaling and results in downstream activation of phospholipase C-dependent pathway, an increase in intracellular calcium production and actin reorganization. In turn, recruitment of activated Th1 lymphocytes occurs at sites of inflammation (By similarity). Activation of the CXCL10/CXCR3 axis also plays an important role in neurons in response to brain injury for activating microglia, the resident macrophage population of the central nervous system, and directing them to the lesion site. This recruitment is an essential element for neuronal reorganization (PubMed:15456824)

Subcellular Location

Secreted

Tissue Specificity

Expressed in the spleen, thymus, lymph nodes and liver (PubMed:8145049). Expressed in astrocytes, microglia, and neurons (PubMed:15456824)

Subunit

Monomer, dimer, and tetramer (PubMed:18560148). Interacts with CXCR3 (via N-terminus) (By similarity)

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• Wuest T.R. et al. Dysregulation of CXCR3 signaling due to CXCL10 deficiency impairs the antiviral response to herpes simplex virus 1 infection. — J. Immunol. (2008)