Recombinant Rat Lysosomal phospholipase A and acyltransferase (Pla2g15)

Function

Has dual calcium-independent phospholipase and O-acyltransferase activities with a potential role in glycerophospholipid homeostasis and remodeling of acyl groups of lipophilic alcohols present in acidic cellular compartments (PubMed:15294901). Catalyzes hydrolysis of the ester bond of the fatty acyl group attached at sn-1 or sn-2 position of phospholipids (phospholipase A1 or A2 activity) and transfer it to the hydroxyl group at the first carbon of lipophilic alcohols (O-acyltransferase activity) (PubMed:15294901). Among preferred fatty acyl donors are phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylglycerols and phosphatidylserines. Favors sn-2 over sn-1 deacylation of unsaturated fatty acyl groups of phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, and phosphatidylglycerols (By similarity). Among preferred fatty acyl acceptors are natural lipophilic alcohols including short-chain ceramide N-acetyl-sphingosine (C2 ceramide), alkylacylglycerols, monoacylglycerols, and acylethanolamides such as anandamide and oleoylethanolamide. Selectively hydrolyzes the sn-1 fatty acyl group of truncated oxidized phospholipids and may play a role in detoxification of reactive oxidized phospholipids during oxidative stress (By similarity). Required for normal phospholipid degradation in alveolar macrophages with potential implications in the clearance of pulmonary surfactant, which is mainly composed of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) (PubMed:15294901). Involved in the first step of bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate (BMP) de novo synthesis from phosphatidylglycerol (1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol), PG) (By similarity). BMP is an important player in cargo sorting and degradation, regulation of cellular cholesterol levels and intercellular communication. At neutral pH, hydrolyzes the sn-1 fatty acyl group of the lysophosphatidylcholines (By similarity)

Subcellular Location

Lysosome; Secreted; Membrane (Peripheral membrane protein)

Tissue Specificity

Detected in alveolar macrophages (at protein level). Widely expressed. Expressed at highest levels in alveolar macrophages

• Abe A. et al. Lysosomal phospholipase A2 is selectively expressed in alveolar macrophages. — J. Biol. Chem. (2004)
• Mural R.J. et al. PubMed: CI-70VOHH7BF94TO (JUL-)
• The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). — Genome Res. (2004)