Recombinant Sendai virus Fusion glycoprotein F0 (F), partial

Function

Class I viral fusion protein. Under the current model, the protein has at least 3 conformational states: pre-fusion native state, pre-hairpin intermediate state, and post-fusion hairpin state. During viral and plasma cell membrane fusion, the heptad repeat (HR) regions assume a trimer-of-hairpins structure, positioning the fusion peptide in close proximity to the C-terminal region of the ectodomain. The formation of this structure appears to drive apposition and subsequent fusion of viral and plasma cell membranes. Directs fusion of viral and cellular membranes leading to delivery of the nucleocapsid into the cytoplasm. This fusion is pH independent and occurs directly at the outer cell membrane. The trimer of F1-F2 (F protein) interacts with HN tetramer at the virion surface. Upon HN binding to its cellular receptor, the hydrophobic fusion peptide is unmasked and interacts with the cellular membrane, inducing the fusion between cell and virion membranes. Later in infection, F proteins expressed at the plasma membrane of infected cells could mediate fusion with adjacent cells to form syncytia, a cytopathic effect that could lead to tissue necrosis

Subcellular Location

Virion membrane (Single-pass type I membrane protein); Host cell membrane (Single-pass membrane protein)

Subunit

Homotrimer of disulfide-linked F1-F2. Interacts with HN and M proteins

• Miura N. et al. Use of the deoxyinosine-containing probe to isolate and sequence cDNA encoding the fusion (F) glycoprotein of Sendai virus (HVJ). — Gene (1985)
• Shioda T. et al. Determination of the complete nucleotide sequence of the Sendai virus genome RNA and the predicted amino acid sequences of the F, HN and L proteins. — Nucleic Acids Res. (1986)
• Tashiro M. et al. Characterization of a pantropic variant of Sendai virus derived from a host range mutant. — Virology (1988)
• Tashiro M. et al. Pneumotropic revertants derived from a pantropic mutant, F1-R, of Sendai virus. — Virology (1991)
• Tashiro M. et al. Budding site of Sendai virus in polarized epithelial cells is one of the determinants for tropism and pathogenicity in mice. — Virology (1992)
• Okada H. et al. Determinants of pantropism of the F1-R mutant of Sendai virus: specific mutations involved are in the F and M genes. — Arch. Virol. (1998)
• Hidaka Y. et al. Nucleotide sequence of a Sendai virus genome region covering the entire M gene and the 3' proximal 1013 nucleotides of the F gene. — Nucleic Acids Res. (1984)
• Iwata S. et al. Assignment of disulfide bridges in the fusion glycoprotein of Sendai virus. — J. Virol. (1994)