Recombinant Human CD166 antigen (ALCAM), partial (Active)

Function

Inhibits activities of membrane-bound isoforms by competing for the same interaction partners. Inhibits cell attachment via homotypic interactions. Promotes endothelial cell migration. Inhibits endothelial cell tube formation

Subcellular Location

Secreted

Tissue Specificity

Detected on hematopoietic stem cells derived from umbilical cord blood (PubMed:24740813). Detected on lymph vessel endothelial cells, skin and tonsil (PubMed:23169771). Detected on peripheral blood monocytes (PubMed:15048703). Detected on monocyte-derived dendritic cells (at protein level) (PubMed:16352806). Detected at low levels in spleen, placenta, liver (PubMed:9502422). Expressed by activated T-cells, B-cells, monocytes and thymic epithelial cells (PubMed:7760007). Isoform 1 and isoform 3 are detected in vein and artery endothelial cells, astrocytes, keratinocytes and artery smooth muscle cells (PubMed:15496415). Expressed by neurons in the brain. Restricted expression in tumor cell lines. Detected in highly metastasizing melanoma cell lines (PubMed:9502422)

Subunit

Homodimer (PubMed:15048703, PubMed:16352806, PubMed:26146185, PubMed:7760007). Interacts (via extracellular domain) with CD6 (via extracellular domain) (PubMed:15048703, PubMed:16914752, PubMed:24945728, PubMed:26146185, PubMed:7760007, PubMed:8823162). Homodimerization and interaction with CD6 involve the same region and cannot occur simultaneously. The affinity for CD6 is much higher than the affinity for self-association (PubMed:15048703). Interacts (via glycosylated extracellular domain) with LGALS1 and LGALS3 (PubMed:24945728). Interaction with LGALS1 or LGALS3 inhibits interaction with CD6 (PubMed:24945728)

• Bowen M.A. et al. Cloning, mapping, and characterization of activated leukocyte-cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM), a CD6 ligand. — J. Exp. Med. (1995)
• Ikeda K. et al. Molecular isolation and characterization of a soluble isoform of activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule that modulates endothelial cell function. — J. Biol. Chem. (2004)
• Abe Y. et al. A novel alternatively spliced variant of activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166) resulting from a deletion in the extracellular membrane proximal stem. (APR-)
• Muzny D.M. et al. The DNA sequence, annotation and analysis of human chromosome 3. — Nature (2006)
• Ota T. et al. Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. — Nat. Genet. (2004)
• The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). — Genome Res. (2004)
• Degen W.G. et al. MEMD, a new cell adhesion molecule in metastasizing human melanoma cell lines, is identical to ALCAM (activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule). — Am. J. Pathol. (1998)
• Skonier J.E. et al. Recognition of diverse proteins by members of the immunoglobulin superfamily: delineation of the receptor binding site in the human CD6 ligand ALCAM. — Biochemistry (1996)