Recombinant Human Interferon-induced 35 kDa protein (IFI35)

Function

Acts as a signaling pathway regulator involved in innate immune system response (PubMed:26342464, PubMed:29038465, PubMed:29350881). In response to interferon IFN-alpha, associates in a complex with signaling pathway regulator NMI to regulate immune response; the complex formation prevents proteasome-mediated degradation of IFI35 and correlates with IFI35 dephosphorylation (PubMed:10779520, PubMed:10950963). In complex with NMI, inhibits virus-triggered type I interferon/IFN-beta production (PubMed:26342464). In complex with NMI, negatively regulates nuclear factor NF-kappa-B signaling by inhibiting the nuclear translocation, activation and transcription of the NF-kappa-B subunit p65/RELA, resulting in the inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation, migration and re-endothelialization of injured arteries (PubMed:29350881). Beside its role as an intracellular signaling pathway regulator, also functions extracellularly as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) to promote inflammation when actively released by macrophage to the extracellular space during cell injury and pathogen invasion (PubMed:29038465). Macrophage-secreted IFI35 activates NF-kappa-B signaling in adjacent macrophages through Toll-like receptor 4/TLR4 activation, thereby inducing NF-kappa-B translocation from the cytoplasm into the nucleus which promotes the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (PubMed:29038465)

Subcellular Location

Cytoplasm; Nucleus; Secreted

Tissue Specificity

Expressed in a wide range of cell types, including fibroblasts, macrophages, and epithelial cells

Subunit

Homodimer (PubMed:10950963, PubMed:8288566). Also interacts with BATF (PubMed:8954125). Interacts with TRIM21 (PubMed:26342464). Interacts with NMI; the interaction is direct and is facilitated by TRIM21 (PubMed:10779520, PubMed:10950963, PubMed:26342464)

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• Wang X. et al. IFP 35 forms complexes with B-ATF, a member of the AP1 family of transcription factors. — Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (1996)
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• Zhou X. et al. Interferon-alpha induces nmi-IFP35 heterodimeric complex formation that is affected by the phosphorylation of IFP35. — J. Biol. Chem. (2000)
• Chen J. et al. Interferon-inducible Myc/STAT-interacting protein Nmi associates with IFP 35 into a high molecular mass complex and inhibits proteasome-mediated degradation of IFP 35. — J. Biol. Chem. (2000)