Recombinant Human Leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor 1 (LAIR1), partial (Active)

Function

Functions as an inhibitory receptor that plays a constitutive negative regulatory role on cytolytic function of natural killer (NK) cells, B-cells and T-cells. Activation by Tyr phosphorylation results in recruitment and activation of the phosphatases PTPN6 and PTPN11. It also reduces the increase of intracellular calcium evoked by B-cell receptor ligation. May also play its inhibitory role independently of SH2-containing phosphatases. Modulates cytokine production in CD4+ T-cells, down-regulating IL2 and IFNG production while inducing secretion of transforming growth factor beta. Also down-regulates IgG and IgE production in B-cells as well as IL8, IL10 and TNF secretion. Inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in myeloid leukemia cell lines as well as prevents nuclear translocation of NF-kappa-B p65 subunit/RELA and phosphorylation of I-kappa-B alpha/CHUK in these cells. Inhibits the differentiation of peripheral blood precursors towards dendritic cells

Subcellular Location

Cell membrane (Single-pass type I membrane protein)

Tissue Specificity

Expressed on the majority of peripheral mononuclear cells, including natural killer (NK) cells, T-cells, B-cells, monocytes, and dendritic cells. Highly expressed in naive T-cells and B-cells but no expression on germinal center B-cells. Abnormally low expression in naive B-cells from HIV-1 infected patients. Very low expression in NK cells from a patient with chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection

Subunit

Interacts with SH2 domains of tyrosine-protein phosphatases PTPN6 and PTPN11. The interaction with PTPN6 is constitutive. Interacts with the SH2 domain of CSK. Binds with high affinity to extracellular matrix collagens, the interaction is functionally important

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• Meyaard L. et al. Leukocyte-associated Ig-like receptor-1 functions as an inhibitory receptor on cytotoxic T cells. — J. Immunol. (1999)
• Xu M.-J. et al. Identification and characterization of leukocyte-associated Ig-like receptor-1 as a major anchor protein of tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 in hematopoietic cells. — J. Biol. Chem. (2000)
• Halleck A. et al. Cloning of human full open reading frames in Gateway(TM) system entry vector (pDONR201). (JUN-)
• The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). — Genome Res. (2004)
• Poggi A. et al. p40/LAIR-1 regulates the differentiation of peripheral blood precursors to dendritic cells induced by granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor. — Eur. J. Immunol. (1998)
• van der Vuurst de Vries A.-R. et al. Leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor-1 (LAIR-1) is differentially expressed during human B cell differentiation and inhibits B cell receptor-mediated signaling. — Eur. J. Immunol. (1999)
• Poggi A. et al. Engagement of the leukocyte-associated Ig-like receptor-1 induces programmed cell death and prevents NF-kappaB nuclear translocation in human myeloid leukemias. — Eur. J. Immunol. (2000)